hamper: implies the encumbering or embarrassing  effect of any impeding or restraining influence: ~ing the investigation by refusing to cooperate.


trammel: implies hindering by or as if by OR confining within a net: rules that serve only to ~ the artist's creativity.  


clog: usually implies a slowing by something extraneous or encumbering: feels that free enterprise is  ~ged by government regulation.


fetter: suggests a restraing so severe that freedom to move or progress is almost lost: a nation that is ~ed by an antiquated class system.


shackle, manacle: are stronger than fetter and suggest total loss of the power to move, progress, or act: a mind ~d by stubborn pride and prejudice(shackle);  hatred can ~ the soul(manacle)      (shackle和manacle都即表示手铐也表示脚镣)


这组词的意思都是阻碍, hamper:任何阻碍限制(impede,restrain)造成的妨碍难堪(encumber,embarrass)，trammel: 被网阻碍局限(hinder,confine)，clog: 外部原因导致减速变慢，fetter: 阻碍到几乎无法行动前进，shackle,manacle: 程度更严重，完全丧失行动能力。


记忆方法：1）首字母HTCFSM前4个从后往前读，后2个从前往后读：非常痛恨什么<==阻碍束缚

          2）这组基础词是hamper和impede互释, 这组词本身用impede解释(后续hinder组介绍，impede=hinder: tight clothing impeded my movement衣服紧妨碍走路), 请记住: hamper和impede互释

          3）阻碍表示干扰阻碍运动前进行动mean to hinder or impede in moving, progressing, or acting.